Illinois SB 315 · Artificial Intelligence Safety Measures Act · Signed into law · 6 July 2026

The statute is written. The evidence isn't.

SB 315 makes Illinois the first U.S. state to require annual independent third-party audits of frontier AI developers — alongside published safety frameworks, pre-deployment transparency reports, and 72-hour critical-incident reporting to the Attorney General. A safety log on your own servers is self-attested: editable by you, discounted by examiners. The audit chain SB 315 creates needs evidence it can verify by machine.

ML-DSA-65 · FIPS 204Hedera HCS MainnetFRE 902(13)/(14)OSCAL 1.1.2
Human-readable · statute
A covered developer shall implement and publish a frontier AI framework describing how it assesses and mitigates catastrophic risk, and shall report a critical safety incident within 72 hours of forming a reasonable belief that one has occurred. Compliance shall be verified by an annual independent third-party audit. — SB 315 · signed 6 July 2026 · obligations paraphrased · §10(c)(3) mandates machine-readable disclosure
Machine-verifiable · attestation
{ "attestationId": "16b9…8120", "kind": "incident-report", "framework": "sha3-256:9f2c…", "timestamp": "2026-07-24T15:15:41Z", "algorithm": "ML-DSA-65 · FIPS 204", "anchor": { "network": "Hedera HCS mainnet", "topic": "0.0.10416909" }, "verification": "public · free · without Rubric" }

Each obligation maps to a field an auditor's tooling checks without trusting the developer — post-quantum signature, consensus timestamp on a public ledger, free verification. That is what machine-verifiable means when the reader is the Illinois Attorney General's audit chain.

01 · The mandate

What SB 315 requires. And what it asks of your records.

ObligationRequirementThe evidence question
Safety framework Create, implement, publish, and annually update a frontier AI framework covering catastrophic-risk assessment, mitigations, and cybersecurity. Which version was in force, when?
Transparency reports Publish before deploying new or substantially modified frontier models. Published before deployment — provably?
Incident reporting Report critical safety incidents to the Illinois AG and Emergency Management Agency within 72 hours of reasonable belief. When did the 72-hour clock start?
Third-party audit Annual independent audit against your own framework — a first in U.S. AI law. Can the auditor verify without trusting you?
Penalties Up to $1M first violation · $3M subsequent · daily penalties for disclosure failures · enforced by the Attorney General. What survives adversarial review?
JUL 2026
Signed into law
Passed both chambers in May; signed by Governor Pritzker on July 6.
1 JAN 2027
Core obligations take effect
Frameworks, transparency reports, and incident reporting go live.
2028
First independent audits due
Your 2027 evidence is what gets audited. The record starts now.
02 · The gap

Everyone logs. Nobody can prove.

Most AI governance evidence today is a folder of PDFs, dashboards, and mutable logs — records the developer produced, stores, and can silently alter. Under a voluntary framework that was tolerable. Under SB 315 it isn't: the statute's architecture is independent verification, backed by an Attorney General with enforcement authority and seven-figure penalties.

An auditor confronted with a self-attested log has one option: trust the developer. An auditor confronted with a cryptographically signed record, timestamped on a public ledger neither party controls, has a second option: check it. That difference — trust versus verification — is the difference between an audit finding and an audit pass.

The same gap runs through the 72-hour incident clock. Without an independent timestamp, "when we formed a reasonable belief" is a negotiation. With one, it's a lookup.

03 · The endpoint

One call per obligation. Verifiable without us.

Every governance event — a framework publication, a deployment decision, an incident determination — becomes a post-quantum signed attestation anchored to Hedera mainnet. What leaves your network is a 32-byte commitment; the decision, the data, and the model never do. Anyone, including a regulator, verifies for free — with or without Rubric.

# attest a governance event — signed, anchored, publicly verifiable curl -X POST https://rubric-protocol.com/v1/tiered-attest \ -H "x-api-key: your-key" \ -d '{"kind":"incident-report","data":{"incidentId":"IR-2027-001","determinedAt":"2027-03-04T09:12:00Z"}}' # the auditor verifies — free, no account, no trust in Rubric curl https://rubric-protocol.com/verify/v1/attestations/<id>
FIPS 204

Post-quantum signatures

ML-DSA-65 today, so evidence created in 2027 still verifies when it's litigated in 2035. RSA and ECDSA won't survive the retention window.

HEDERA HCS

Independent timestamps

Consensus timestamps on a public ledger neither developer nor auditor controls. The 72-hour clock becomes a lookup.

FRE 902(13)/(14)

Evidentiary standard

PDF reports built to the self-authenticating standard, with SHA3-256 sidecar — suitable for regulatory submission and legal proceedings.

OSCAL · SIEM

Fits your stack

OSCAL 1.1.2 assessment-results export, Splunk HEC and CEF streaming, 17 live SDK integrations, MCP server for agent-native workflows.

04 · Start the record

The audit is in 2028. The evidence is created now.